SMS and TOTP Can Both Be Phished in Real Time — Here's Which MFA Methods Are Actually Phishing-Resistant
SMS OTP and TOTP are both vulnerable to real-time phishing (AiTM attacks relay codes before they expire) — hardware keys and passkeys are phishing-resistant because their response is cryptographically bound to the exact URL. Here's the MFA security spectrum from SMS to passkeys, the MFA fatigue (push bombing) attack that compromised Uber in 2022, why number matching prevents rubber-stamping push notifications, and why security questions aren't a genuine second factor.